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Carbon Dioxide
Image courtesy of Energy Dome
A company named Energy Dome has completed a proof-of-concept facility on the Italian island of Sardinia that can store energy for a power grid for up to 10 hours at less than half the cost of a Li-ion battery system. The medium of storage is carbon dioxide. When renewable energy sources such as wind and solar are in abundance, they are used to draw CO2 from the closed system’s dome and compress it at ambient temperature to a liquid state. When energy is needed, the CO2 is allowed to expand into an electricity-generating turbine, and then returned to the dome, where it remains until the next charging cycle.
